How does photodynamic therapy kill cancer cells?
Photodynamic therapy kills cancer cells with a light-activated drug called a photosensitizer.
Cells take up the drug. When those cells are then exposed to a specific wavelength of light, the drug makes a form of oxygen called an oxygen radical, and that kills them. The drug tends to build up in abnormal cells, and the light is aimed at them, so healthy cells are largely spared.
Photodynamic therapy may work in two other ways as well. It can damage the blood vessels in the tumor, which keeps the tumor from getting the blood it needs to grow. It may also prompt the immune system to attack tumor cells, even in other parts of the body.
The treatment comes in two steps. First you receive the photosensitizer. Then, after 24 to 72 hours, the tumor is exposed to the light. Your care team can explain how the light will reach your tumor.
Want the full picture? Read our complete explanation: Photodynamic Therapy: Light-Based Cancer Treatment
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