What causes almost all cervical cancers?

Long-lasting infection with HPV (human papillomavirus) causes almost all cervical cancers. HPV is a common virus.

Cervical cancer usually develops slowly over time. Before cancer appears, the cells of the cervix go through changes known as dysplasia, in which abnormal cells appear in the cervical tissue. Over time, if not destroyed or removed, these abnormal cells may become cancer cells.

Because of the link between HPV and cervical cancer, screening is an important part of routine health care for people with a cervix. Your healthcare team can explain HPV, other risk factors, and steps that may lower your risk.