How long does a stem cell transplant take?

A stem cell transplant can take a few months to complete. According to the National Cancer Institute, the process begins with treatment using high doses of chemotherapy and maybe radiation therapy, which goes on for a week or two. Once you have finished, you will have a few days to rest.

Next, you will receive the blood stem cells through an intravenous (IV) catheter, on a day often called "day zero." This process is like receiving a blood transfusion and takes 1 to 5 hours. After receiving the stem cells, you begin the recovery phase, during which doctors check your blood counts often as the new stem cells produce blood cells.

Even after your blood counts return to normal, it takes much longer for your immune system to fully recover — several months for autologous transplants, and 1 to 2 years for allogeneic or syngeneic transplants. Your healthcare team can explain the timeline for your specific situation.