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Focused guide collection

Hereditary Cancer and Genetic Testing

Genetic results can affect both the patient and relatives. These guides help distinguish tumor findings from inherited findings and prepare for conversations with a qualified genetics professional.

Guides in this collection

Only pages cleared for public discovery appear here. Safety-sensitive drafts stay out until qualified review.

36 guides

Understanding Report Language

Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS)

Practical, source-based guidance on variant of uncertain significance (vus), including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

7 min read · Beginner

Costs & Practical Help

Cascade Genetic Testing for Relatives

Practical, source-based guidance on cascade genetic testing for relatives, including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

8 min read · Beginner

Costs & Practical Help

Telling Relatives About an Inherited Cancer Finding

Guidance on telling relatives about an inherited cancer finding: planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

8 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

Practical, source-based guidance on familial adenomatous polyposis (fap), including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

8 min read · Beginner

Costs & Practical Help

Genetic Testing in Difficult Family Relationships

Guidance on genetic testing in difficult family relationships: planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

9 min read · Beginner

Diagnosis & Staging

Genetic Testing vs. Genomic Testing

Inherited genetic testing and tumor genomic or biomarker testing answer different cancer questions. Learn the difference.

3 min read · Beginner

Costs & Practical Help

Genetic Testing: Privacy, Insurance, and Work

Practical, source-based guidance on genetic testing privacy, insurance, and work, including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

7 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer

Practical, source-based guidance on hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

6 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Explained

Practical, source-based guidance on li-fraumeni syndrome explained, including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

8 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)

MEN1, MEN2A, MEN2B and MEN4 explained: which glands each affects, the MEN1 and RET genes, risk-reducing thyroid surgery, and lifelong surveillance.

8 min read · Beginner

Diagnosis & Staging

Tumor Testing vs. Inherited Genetic Testing

Practical, source-based guidance on tumor testing vs. inherited genetic testing, including planning steps, questions, safety limits, and care-team support.

5 min read · Beginner

Understanding Report Language

What Does a TP53 Mutation Mean?

TP53 makes the protein nicknamed guardian of the genome. It is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer, and the key question is acquired or inherited.

5 min read · Beginner

Understanding Report Language

What Does PTEN Loss Mean?

PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene. Loss may mean missing protein or a changed gene, and tumor-only versus inherited is the key question.

5 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Brain Tumor Risk Factors: What Is and Is Not Known

What is and is not known about brain tumor risk factors, including inherited syndromes. Based on the NCI.

3 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

BRCA Gene Changes and Cancer Risk

A plain-language explainer on inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene changes, the cancers they raise risk for, and options for people at high risk

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations Explained

What the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes do, how an inherited harmful change raises the risk of breast, ovarian, and other cancers

5 min read · Beginner

Cancer Basics

Does Cancer Run in Families?

A plain-language look at when cancer is inherited, what a family history means, and when genetic counseling may help. Based on the National Cancer Institute.

3 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Family History and Cancer Risk

How family history can raise cancer risk, the red flags that suggest an inherited pattern, and when to seek genetic counseling

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Family History and Genetic Testing for Cancer: When to Test

Inherited gene mutations (such as BRCA1/2 or Lynch syndrome) account for 5–10% of all cancers. Genetic counseling helps determine who should undergo testing.

7 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Fear of Passing an Inherited Cancer Variant to Children

Autosomal dominant inheritance means a 50% chance per child. What that does and does not mean, plus reproductive options including PGT-M.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Genetic Counseling for Unaffected Family Members

Genetic counseling when you have not had cancer: cascade testing, testing an affected relative first, GINA's insurance gap, and reading a negative result.

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Genetic Counseling: What to Expect

A plain-language guide to genetic counseling for inherited cancer risk

5 min read · Beginner

Diagnosis & Staging

Genetic Testing After a Cancer Diagnosis

Germline vs tumor testing after a cancer diagnosis, who is eligible, what results change, and the GINA gap on life and disability insurance.

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Genetic Testing for Inherited Cancer Risk

A plain-language explainer on genetic testing for inherited cancer risk — what it looks for, who might consider it, and what results mean

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Genetic Testing Results: Positive, Negative, VUS

Genetic testing for inherited cancer risk can come back positive, negative, or as a variant of uncertain significance.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: An Overview

A hereditary cancer syndrome is an inherited condition that raises the risk of certain cancers.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Inherited vs. Acquired Gene Changes in Cancer

Cancer is caused by gene changes, but they come in two kinds: inherited changes you are born with, and acquired changes that happen during life.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Lynch Syndrome Explained: DNA Repair and Cancer Risk

Lynch syndrome is an inherited condition that raises the risk of colorectal, endometrial, and some other cancers, often at younger ages.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Lynch Syndrome: Inherited Colorectal and Other Cancer Risk

A plain-language explainer on Lynch syndrome, an inherited condition that raises the risk of colorectal, endometrial, and some other cancers

5 min read · Beginner

Cancer Types

Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors

A plain-language explanation of what raises the risk of ovarian cancer, including family history and inherited genes. Based on the National Cancer Institute.

4 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Overcoming Guilt About an Inherited Cancer Variant

Guilt after a positive genetic test is common and expected. Nobody chooses their genome, and this looks at what actually helps the feeling.

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Reducing the Risk of a Second Cancer After Treatment

Second cancers come from treatment, shared risk factors, and inherited susceptibility. What raises risk, what lowers it, and what your survivorship plan covers.

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Risk-Reducing Mastectomy for BRCA Mutation Carriers

Risk-reducing mastectomy for an inherited variant: the real risk-reduction figures, the surveillance alternative, and why this is a personal decision.

6 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

Risk-Reducing Surgery for Inherited Cancer Variants

Risk-reducing mastectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy: how much risk they remove, what they cost you, and the alternatives worth weighing first.

5 min read · Beginner

Diagnosis & Staging

Tumor DNA Testing vs. Inherited (Germline) Testing

Two very different tests both get called genetic. Tumor DNA testing looks at changes in a cancer to guide treatment

5 min read · Beginner

Prevention & Risk

What a Genetic Counselor Does

A genetic counselor helps people understand inherited cancer risk, decide whether genetic testing makes sense, and make sense of results.

5 min read · Beginner